Management Approaches - Principles of Management

MANAGEMENT APPROACHES – A PERSONAL REFLECTION

SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT APPROACH

In one word, scientific management deals with a single solution approach. Here Management is always concerned with productivity by increasing efficiency in production and by increasing wages for their employees. The main drawback of this approach is that workers are treated as if they are machines. In scientific approach, the Management is always concerned about developing employee skills, thereby bringing more profit to the company.

MODERN MANAGEMENT THEORY APPROACH

Henry Fayol is regarded as the father of  the modern management theory. He identified 14 principles which are very much relevant in the today’s corporate world. Some of the important points are listed below.

1.Authority – A leader should be authorized to issue orders in which he will be having complete   responsibility.

2.Unity of command – There should be a separate leader for each work group.

3.Unity of direction- Employees working under each supervisor must have a unique strategy to execute their plans.

4.Scalar Chain – Employees must have an idea of their position in the organization hierarchy.

5.Organizations must promote Team spirit and unity among their work force.

BUREAOCRACY APPROACH

Here organization will be a well structured one following a number of rules and regulations. Organization Hierarchy will be more complex. Main drawback of this approach is that informations conveyed by the work force are not always reaching the top management. There are a lot of mediators in between. Now a days, government offices makes use of this approach.

HUMAN RELATIONS APPROACH

Here management is promoting employees through various activities such as motivation ,leadership, counseling and communication. During periods of crisis itself, the management is supporting their employees. For example, Take the case of Hawthorne studies. Here management is supporting the group of employees who are under experiment. This actually serves as a motivation to the employees for better performance.

QUANTITATIVE APPROACH

Quantitative approach mainly incorporates many analytical and numeric techniques into management. It mainly makes use of statistics and probability functions for their decision making process. Large scale studies are generally conducted using Quantitative analysis. Values obtained using this technique are having zero deviation from the actual values.Main demerits are,it is a time consuming process. At the same time, calculations are more complex.

QUALITATIVE APPROACH

McKINSY formulated seven concepts which he identified to be essential for the employee growth, I.e. Strategy, Structure, Systems, Style, Staff, Shared and skills. Main demerits are that terms used are not precise and topics are not discussed in detail.

SYSTEMS APPROACH

Every system consists of subsystems. System approach generally collects feedback from customers. In this approach, data is conveyed through 3 stages, namely input, processing and output from which we can obtain valuable information. So that there will be an efficient communication between the management and workforce.

CONTINGENCY APPROACH

It is also refered to as situational approach. So the organization will be having not only a single strategy. They will also be having an alternative which they will be using incase of emergency. Main drawback is that, it is very difficult to determine all relevant factors and to show their relationship.

TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT

This approach mainly deals with providing dependable, satisfying products and services . The general concepts are continuous improvement, attention to details, teamwork and quality education.

                                                                                                                      

                                                                                                      DERYK SUNNY

                                                                                                      PGDM 1B